Protests in Madagascar Escalate Amid Calls for Leadership Change
Madagascan President Andry Rajoelina has faced intensified demands for his resignation from a burgeoning youth-led protest movement, despite his assertions that these calls may stem from political rivals seeking to disrupt the nation’s stability. The protests, led by the “Gen Z” movement, surged in the capital city of Antananarivo following a significant pause in demonstrations, highlighting growing frustrations over unmet public service needs, particularly concerning water and electricity.
The protests have unfolded against a backdrop of escalating unrest, with the United Nations reporting at least 22 fatalities since their inception on September 25. Graphic footage aired by Real TV Madagasikara depicted police using tear gas to disperse large crowds, as demonstrators asserted their grievances against the government’s inability to provide fundamental services.
In a televised address, President Rajoelina expressed his commitment to dialogue and solutions, emphasizing his desire to improve the nation’s conditions. He stated that there are individuals and political groups hoping to exploit the current situation for their advantage, suggesting a possible coup plot aimed at undermining his governance while he was attending a UN gathering in New York.
The Gen Z movement, however, dismissed Rajoelina’s comments as “baseless,” issuing a 24-hour ultimatum for the president to address their concerns or face further escalation from the demonstrators. This call to action resonated beyond Antananarivo, as protests also erupted in the northern coastal city of Mahajanga and in southern regions such as Toliara and Fianarantsoa.
Rich in natural resources, Madagascar paradoxically struggles with stark poverty, with approximately 75% of its 32 million residents living below the poverty line as of 2022, according to the World Bank. The ongoing unrest prompted Rajoelina to dismiss his cabinet and extend invitations for dialogue, aiming to quell discontent and restore public confidence.
In a recent statement, Foreign Minister Rasata Rafaravavitafika highlighted allegations of a “massive cyberattack” that purportedly originated from foreign entities, aimed at manipulating public sentiment during this tumultuous period. She cautioned against “opportunistic groups” infiltrating the protests, who may be attempting to capitalize on the grievances of Madagascar’s youth.
Rajoelina’s political journey has been marked by significant upheaval, having originally ascended to power in 2009 through a coup that ousted former President Marc Ravalomanana. After navigating international pressures that led him to abstain from the 2013 elections, he regained his office through elections held in 2018 and 2023.
As Madagascar stands at a crossroads, the upcoming days will be crucial in determining whether the government can effectively address the concerns raised by its younger population and stabilize the nation moving forward.
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