The recent designation by the United States of eight Latin American criminal and drug-trafficking organizations as “global terrorist organizations” represents a significant shift in the administration’s approach to issues of crime and immigration. As noted in a Federal Register announcement by Secretary of State Marco Rubio, these groups are said to pose risks that threaten not only the safety of American citizens but also the nation’s broader security landscape. The groups identified include Tren de Aragua, Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13), the Cartel de Sinaloa, Cartel de Jalisco Nueva Generacion, Carteles Unidos, Cartel de Noreste, Cartel del Golfo, and La Nueva Familia Michoacana.
Experts caution that the broad and often vague language employed could provide the current administration with an opportunity to extend presidential powers and pursue aggressive policies that have historically been viewed as excessive. Concerns have been raised regarding the potential justifications for military action on foreign soil, particularly in Mexico, and the implications for the rights of migrants. Stephanie Brewer, a director at the Washington Office on Latin America, emphasized that the United States already actively engages in measures against these groups, which include surveillance and prosecution. Thus, the impact of this designation may be minimal in terms of operational changes.
The issue of immigration remains closely intertwined with the activities of organized crime, particularly as many migrants traversing through Mexico face extortion from these criminal networks. Will Freeman from the Council on Foreign Relations highlighted the risks of conflating immigration with terrorism, pointing out that any financial transaction, such as paying a smuggler, could be framed as supporting terrorism under this new designation. Notably, Brazilian criminal groups did not appear on the list, raising questions about the motivations behind the categorizations.
Concerns have also been sparked over the implications of possible U.S. military operations in Mexico and the broader ramifications of depicting irregular migration as a national crisis. The rhetoric surrounding immigration, particularly from the White House, tends to paint migrant populations as threats rather than highlighting their contributions and resilience.
As discussions evolve, experts agree that a more comprehensive approach is needed to address the systemic issues underlying crime in the Americas. Effective strategies require not only military engagement but also an examination of financial networks, corruption, and partnerships with governmental authorities. It is evident that simply ramping up rhetoric and actions will not adequately address the complex challenges posed by these criminal organizations.
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